In places such as ancient Peru, trepanation was practiced widely, with evidence of skulls from over 2,000 years ago. These skulls, often found in archaeological digs, reveal different types of surgery techniques, including the use of sharp tools to remove a portion of the skull or creating a circular hole. The survival of individuals after these procedures implies a level of expertise and understanding of anatomy that was previously thought to be beyond the capabilities of prehistoric humans.
Reasons for Trepanation
While some scholars believe that trepanation was performed for medical purposes such as treating head injuries or relieving pressure on the brain, others suggest that it had a cultural or spiritual significance. Many prehistoric societies may have believed that trepanation was a way to heal the body and spirit, or perhaps to cure mental disorders. In other cases, it might have been used in the context of rituals or spiritual practices, especially in societies with a strong belief in the supernatural. shutdown123